Crypto basics

Understand what cryptocurrency is, how public blockchains work, and how to approach a first purchase safely—starting from zero.

Last updated: July 20265 Articles2 h 5 min read
Translucent violet Bitcoin coinsStart here
01.07.26Medium24 min

What Is Bitcoin and Why Was It Created?

Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer electronic cash and settlement system launched in 2009. It records ownership on a public blockchain and uses proof of work plus independently validating nodes to prevent double-spending without a bank. Its native asset, bitcoin (BTC), is issued on a declining schedule that approaches 21 million units.

Glowing orange chain linksPart 2
01.07.26Medium18 min

What Is a Blockchain and How Does It Work?

A blockchain is a distributed ledger that records ordered transactions or state changes in blocks. Each block normally references its predecessor and contains cryptographic commitments to its data. Nodes independently validate proposed blocks and use consensus and fork-choice rules to decide which history to accept.

Floating translucent cryptocurrency coinsPart 3
01.07.26Medium28 min

What Is Cryptocurrency? The Complete Guide

Cryptocurrency is a class of digital assets whose ownership and transfer are recorded on a cryptographically secured distributed ledger. A wallet or custodian uses private keys to authorise transactions, while network participants validate and order them under shared rules.

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01.07.26Medium19 min

Crypto Glossary: 50 Essential Terms Explained

A crypto glossary explains the terms used to describe digital assets, blockchains, wallets, transactions, markets and on-chain applications. The most important distinction is between a record on a network and the authority to change it: the ledger records the asset, while keys, contracts or custodians determine who can act.

A violet wallet surrounded by coinsPart 5
01.07.26Medium25 min

How to Buy Crypto Safely: A Beginner’s Guide

To buy cryptocurrency more safely, first set a strict loss limit, verify the exact legal entity in an official regulator register, secure both your exchange and email accounts with phishing-resistant authentication, compare the full cost before placing a small order, keep records, and withdraw only after checking the asset, network, destination and any required memo or tag.

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FAQ

Where should I start with Crypto Foundations?

What Is Cryptocurrency? The Complete Guide. Start with the first guide. It introduces the vocabulary used by every later guide in this learning path.

Do I need to read every guide in this path?

No. Follow the sequence for a structured introduction, or open the guide that answers your current question and return to earlier material when a concept is unfamiliar.

What should I read after finishing this path?

Continue with one of the related clusters below. Each path approaches the same systems from a different angle.

How should I use the Crypto Foundations learning cluster?

Understand what cryptocurrency is, how public blockchains work, and how to approach a first purchase safely—starting from zero. Keep the glossary open alongside the articles and use each knowledge check to identify concepts worth revisiting.

Where do the biggest risks appear in Crypto Foundations?

Start with the concepts that make the rest of Web3 click. The guides separate protocol behaviour from the operational, market, custody, and human risks that surround it.